Effects of hormonal contraception on serum lipid profile and lipoprotein [LP [a]]

To evaluate the cardiovascular risk factor in Pakistani females, using oral and injectable contraceptives by determining lipid profile and lipoproten [a]. This study was carried out prospectively on 60 women aged between 20-45 years and compared with 30 aged matched controls conducted at Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College Rawalpindi and various family planning clinics of Rawalpindi and Wah Cantt. Hormonal users were mostly un-educated and controls were taken from different medical colleges and hospitals. They were educated and some of the controls were also from low socioeconomic group and un-educated. Oral contraceptive users [OC; n=30] and injectable users [IC; n=30]. They were using oral tablet lofenienal and injectables depopfovera for more than 1 year. Controls were not using any form of contraceptives. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C and Lp [a]. Lipid parameters were estimated by enzymatic colorimetric method and Lp [a] was analyzed by immunoterbidimetric method. The women using OCP shows significant difference in BMI [p<0.01] as compared to control. Similarly injectable users also showed significant difference in DM1 [p<0.001] as compared to control. SBP shows a significant difference in both groups A and B as compared to control [p<0.05] but DBP was higher in injectable users only [p<0.05] and group A was higher than group C but difference was not significant. The level of HDL-C is decreased significantly [P<0.05] in groups A and B as compared to control. Lipoprctein [a] in both groups A and B showed higher levels than control [p<0.0001]. It is suggested therefore that women using hormonal contraceptives are prone to develop atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease earlier as compared to women not using contraceptives

Effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on the calcium metabolism of adult ovariectomized rats

This paper describes experiments designed to test the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on calcium metabolism of adult ovariectomized rats. The 24 animals were randomly assigned to control or treated groups. Treated rats received 15 mg of DMPA i.m. per week, during four or twelve weeks. Controls received solvent alone. The variables characterizing the metabolism of Ca (daily rates of intestinal absorption and excretion, bone accretion and resorption and the sizes of the exchangeable pools and their rate constants) were measured with the aid of 45Ca according to Aubert and Milhaud. No effects were observed at four weeks of treatment. After twelve weeks, treatment produced serum levels of 46.5 ñ 5.6 nmoles of medroxyprogesterone/L, reduction of bone turnover (Ca accretion and resorption rates) and of the size of the slow exchanging Ca compartment. The increase in true Ca intestinal absorption was compensated by the increased endogenous fecal Ca excretion. The mass of body Ca was not affected by treatment.

Urinary pyrilinks-D / creatinine ratio and serum estradiol levels in long-term deport medroxy progesterone acetate users

This study was done on 36 women who had been using depot medroxy progesterone acetate [DMPA] for more than three years [as cases] by injection of 150 mg/3 months and on 12 women who had never used it before [as control]. Urinary pyrilinks-D/creatinine ratios [nM/mM] and serum estradiol level [pg/ml] were assessed. Women who had been using DMPA showed significantly higher urinary pyrilinks-D/creatinine ratios and lower serum estradiol levels indicating tendency for higher bone resorption regardless age, parity, weight and height